LAUSANNE. THE new list of substances banned by FINA took effect on september 1, 2001 and will remain in effect until December 31, 2002. This list follows the recommendation of the Board of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the agreement of the IOC Medical Commission.
APPENDIX A
PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES – IN COMPETITION
The substances listed below are prohibited by FINA in competition. The lists are not exclusive or exhaustive, but include "related substances," which are substances that are related to the respective
class by their pharmacological action, chemical structure, or both. In addition, metabolites of listed or related substances are also prohibited.
A. STIMULANTS
amineptine
amfepramone
amiphenazole
amphetamines
bambuterol
bromantan
bupropion
caffeine *
carphedon
cathine **
cocaine
cropropamide
crotethamide
ephedrine **
etamivan
etilamphetamine
etilefrine fencamfamine
fenetylline
fenfluramine
formoterol ***
heptaminol
mefenorex
mephentermine
mesocarb
methamphetamine
methoxyphenamine
methylenedioxyamphetamine
methylephedrine **
methylphenidate
nikethamide
norfenfluramine
parahydroxyamphetamine
pemoline pentetrazol
phendimetrazine
phentermine
phenylephrine
phenylpropanolamine **
pholedrine
pipradol
prolintane
propylhexedrine
pseudoephedrine **
reproterol
salbutamol ***
salmeterol ***
selegiline
strychnine
terbutaline ***
…and related substances
* For caffeine a positive result depends upon the
concentration of caffeine in the urine. The concentration in urine may not exceed 12 micrograms per millilitre.
** For cathine, the definition of a positive is a concentration in urine greater than 5 micrograms per millilitre. For ephedrine and methylephedrine, the definition of a positive is a concentration in urine greater than 10 micrograms per millilitre. For
phenylpropanolamine and pseudoephedrine, the definition of a positive is a concentration in urine greater than 25 micrograms per millilitre
*** Permitted by inhaler only, to prevent and treat asthma and exercise-induced asthma. Use must be declared on form at time of testing, and verification of medical necessity shall be required. Written notification of asthma and/or exercise-induced asthma by a respiratory or team physician is necessary to the relevant medical authority.
Note: All imidazole preparations are acceptable for topical use. Vasoconstrictors may be administered with local anaesthetic agents. Topical preparations (e.g. nasal, ophthalmological, rectal) of adrenaline and phenylephrine are permitted.
B. NARCOTICSANABOLIC AGENTS
1. Anabolic androgenic steroids
androstenediol
androstenedione
boldenone
colostebol
danazol
dehydrochlormethyltestosterone
dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) dihydrotestosterone(dht)
drostanolone
fluoxymesterone
formebolone
gestrinone
mesterolone
metandienone
metenolone
methandriol
methyltestosterone
mibolerone
nandrolone
19-norandrostenediol
19-norandrostenedione
norethandrolone
oxandrolone
oxymesterone
oxymetholone
salmeterol
stanozolol
testosterone *
trenbolone
…and related substances
[Evidence obtained from metabolic profiles and/or isotopic ratio measurements may be used to draw definitive conclusions regarding the use of these agents.]
* The presence of a testosterone(T) to epitestosterone (E) ratio greater than six (6) to one (1) in the urine of a competitor constitutes an offence unless there is evidence that this ratio is due to a physiological or pathological condition, e.g. low epitestosterone
excretion, androgen producing tumor, or enzyme deficiencies.
In the case of T/E greater than 6, it is mandatory that the relevant medical authority conducts an investigation before the sample is declared positive. A full report will be written and will include a
review of previous tests, subsequent tests and any results of endocrine investigations. In the event that previous tests are not available, the athlete should be tested unannounced at least once per month for three months. The results of these investigations should be included in the report. Failure to co-operate in the investigation will result in declaring the sample positive.
2. Beta-2 agonists
bambuterol
clenbuterol
fenoterol
formoterol* reproterol
salbutamol *
salmeterol*
terbutaline *
… and related substances
* Permitted by inhaler only, to prevent and treat asthma and exercise-induced asthma. Use must be declared on form at time of testing, and verification of medical necessity shall be required. Written notification of asthma and/or exercise-induced asthma by a respiratory or team physician is necessary to the relevant medical authority.
For salbutamol the definition of a positive under the anabolic agent category is a concentration in urine greater than 1000 nanograms per millilitre
D. DIURETICS
acetazolamide
bendroflumethiazide
bumetanide
canrenone
chlortalidone
ethacrynic acid
furosemide hydrochlorothiazide
indapamide
mannitol (by intravenous injection)
mersalyl
spironolactone
triamterene
…. and related substances
E. PEPTIDE HORMONES, MIMETICS AND ANALOGUES
Prohibited substances in class (E) include the following examples and their analogues and mimetics:
Corticotrophins (ACTH, tetracosactide)
Growth Hormone (hGH)
Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1)
…and all the respective releasing factors and their analogues
Insulin*
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Aromatase Inhibitors (Prohibited in males only)
Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG-human chorionic gonadotrophin) (Prohibited in males only)
Pituitary and synthetic gonadotrophins (LH) (Prohibited in males only)
Clomiphene (Prohibited in males only)
Cyclofenil (Prohibited in males only)
Tamoxifen (Prohibited in males only)
* Permitted only to treat athletes with certified
insulin-dependent diabetes. Written certification of insulin-dependent diabetes must be obtained from an endocrinologist or team physician.
The presence of an abnormal concentration of an endogenous hormone in class (E) or its diagnostic marker(s) in the urine of a competitor constitutes an offence unless it has been proven to be due to a
physiological or pathological condition.
F. CANNABINOIDS
Marijuana *
Hashish *
* A concentration in urine of 11-nor-delta 9 –
tetrahydrocannabinol- 9; carboxylic acid (carboxy-THC) greater than 15 nanograms per millilitre constitutes doping.
G. BETA BLOCKERS
[Applicable only in diving]
acebutolol
alprenolol
atenolol
betaxolol
bisoprolol
bunolol
carteolol
celiprolol
esmolol
labetalol levobunolol
metipranolol
metoprolol
nadolol
oxprenolol
pindolol
propranolol
sotalol
timolol
and related substances
H. ,b>GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS *
* The systemic use of glucocorticosteroids is prohibited when administered orally, rectally or by intravenous or intramuscular injections. The use of glucocorticosteroids by means of inhalation or the use of nasal spray is permitted. When medically necessary, local and intraarticular injections of glucocorticosteroids are permitted. Such use must be declared in writing at the time of testing, and
verification of medical necessity shall be required.
I. LOCAL ANAESTHETICS
The following injectable local anaesthetics are permitted:
bupivacaine*
lidocaine*
mepivacaine*
procaine*
… and related substances but not cocaine*
* Permitted only when administered by local or
intra-articular injection. Use (including diagnosis, dose, and route of administration) must be declared on form at time of testing, and verification of medical necessity shall be required. Vasoconstrictor agents may be used in conjunction with local anaesthetics.
SUMMARY OF URINARY CONCENTRATIONS ABOVE WHICH IOC ACCREDITED LABORATORIES MUST REPORT FINDINGS FOR SPECIFIC SUBSTANCES
Caffeine > 12 micrograms / millilitre
Carboxy-THC > 15 nanograms / millilitre
Cathine > 5 micrograms / millilitre
Ephedrine > 10 micrograms / millilitre
Epitestosterone > 200 nanograms / millilitre
Methylephedrine > 10 micrograms / millilitre
Morphine > 1 microgram / millilitre
19-norandrosterone > 2 nanograms / millilitre in males
19-norandrosterone > 5 nanograms / millilitre in females
Phenylpropanolamine > 25 micrograms / millilitre
Pseudoephedrine > 25 micrograms / millilitre
Salbutamol (only in-competition testing)
Salbutamol (only in out-of-competition testing)
>100 nanograms / millilitre
>1000 nanograms / millilitre
T/E ratio >6
II. (b>PROHIBITED METHODS
The following procedures are prohibited:
1. Blood doping: means the administration of blood, red blood cells and/or related products to an athlete;
2. Administering artificial oxygen carriers or plasma expanders;
3. Pharmacological, chemical and physical manipulation which is the use of substances and/or methods, which alter, attempt to alter or may reasonably be expected to alter the integrity and validity of urine samples used in doping controls including, without limitation, catheterization, urine substitution and/or tampering, inhibition of renal excretions through methods such as the use of masking agents* or alterations of testosterone or epitestosterone measurements through methods such as epitestosterone administration.
* Masking agents include:
bromantan
diuretics (see above)
epitestosterone
probenicid
WARNING RE: NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS
Competitors and their coaches are advised that nutritional supplements, herbal preparations and natural products may contain substances that are banned or that may be converted in the body into
banned substances. The use or consumption of such products may result in a positive doping control test. The effectiveness of many of these products is questionable and their labelling may be incomplete or
inaccurate. Competitors are reminded that they assume responsibility for the consequences that may follow the ingestion of any of these types of products.
APPENDIX B
I. PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES – OUT OF COMPETITION
A. ANABOLIC AGENTS
1. Anabolic androgenic steroids
androstenediol
androstenedione
boldenone
clostebol
danazol
dehydrochlormethyltestosterone
dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea)
dihydrotestosterone(dht)
drostanolone
fluoxymesterone
formebolone
gestrinone
mesterolone
metandienone
metenolone
methandriol
methyltestosterone
mibolerone
nandrolone
19-norandrostenediol
19-norandrostenedione
norethandrolone
oxandrolone
oxymesterone
oxymetholone
salmeterol
stanozolol
terbutaline
testosterone *
trenbolone
…and related substances
[Evidence obtained from metabolic profiles and/or isotopic ratio measurements may be used to draw definitive conclusions regarding the use of these agents.]
* The presence of a testosterone (T) to epitestosterone (E) ratio greater than six (6) to one (1) in the urine of a competitor constitutes an offence unless there is evidence that this ratio is due
to a physiological or pathological condition, e.g. low epitestosterone excretion, androgen producing tumour, or enzyme deficiencies.
In the case of T/E greater than 6, it is mandatory that the relevant medical authority conducts an investigation before the sample is declared positive. A full report will be written and will include a
review of previous tests, subsequent tests and any results of endocrine investigations. In the event that previous tests are not available, the athlete should be tested unannounced at least once per month for three months. The results of these investigations should be included in the report. Failure to co-operate in the investigation will result in declaring the sample positive.
2. Beta-2 agonists
bambuterol
clenbuterol
fenoterol
formoterol* reproterol
salbutamol *
salmeterol*
terbutaline *
… and related substances
* Permitted by inhaler only, to prevent and treat asthma and exercise-induced asthma. Use must be declared on form at time of testing, and verification of medical necessity shall be required. Written notification of asthma and/or exercise-induced asthma by a respiratory or team physician is necessary to the relevant medical authority.
For salbutamol the definition of a positive under the anabolic agent category is a concentration in urine greater than 1000 nanograms per millilitre
B. DIURETICS
acetazolamide
bendroflumethiazide
bumetanide
canrenone
chlortalidone
ethacrynic acid
furosemide hydrochlorothiazide
indapamide
mannitol (by intravenous injection)
mersalyl
spironolactone
triamterene
… and related substances
C. PEPTIDE HORMONES, MIMETICS AND ANALOGUES
Prohibited substances in class (E) include the following examples and their analogues and mimetics:
Corticotrophins (ACTH, tetracosactide)Growth Hormone (hGH)Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1)…and all the respective releasing factors and their analogues
Insulin*
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Aromatase Inhibitors (Prohibited in males only)
Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG-human chorionic gonadotrophin) (Prohibited in males only)
Pituitary and synthetic gonadotrophins (LH) (Prohibited in males only)
Clomiphene (Prohibited in males only)
Cyclofenil (Prohibited in males only)
Tamoxifen (Prohibited in males only)
* Permitted only to treat athletes with certified
insulin-dependent diabetes. Written certification of insulin-dependent diabetes must be obtained from an endocrinologist or team physician.
The presence of an abnormal concentration of an endogenous hormone in class (E) or its diagnostic marker(s) in the urine of a competitor constitutes an offence unless it has been proven to be due to a
physiological or pathological condition.
II. PROHIBITED METHODS
The following procedures are prohibited:
1. Blood doping: means the administration of blood, red blood cells and/or related products to an athlete;
2. Administering artificial oxygen carriers or plasma expanders;
3. Pharmacological, chemical and physical manipulation which is the use of substances and/or methods, which alter, attempt to alter or may
reasonably be expected to alter the integrity and validity of urine samples used in doping controls including, without limitation, catheterization, urine substitution and/or tampering, inhibition of renal excretions through methods such as the use of masking agents* or alterations of testosterone or epitestosterone measurements through methods such as epitestosterone administration.
* Masking agents include:
bromantan
diuretics (see above)
epitestosterone
probenicid
WARNING RE: NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS
Competitors and their coaches are advised that nutritional supplements, herbal preparations and natural products may contain substances that are banned or that may be converted in the body into
banned substances. The use or consumption of such products may result in a positive doping control test. The effectiveness of many of these products is questionable and their labelling may be incomplete or
inaccurate. Competitors are reminded that they assume responsibility for the consequences that may follow the ingestion of any of these types of products.